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Indigenous people’s resistance to fossil fuel projects in the United States and Canada has had a major impact. Many people are familiar with the opposition to the Dakota Access Pipeline led by the Standing Rock Sioux tribe starting in 2016 and the current struggle against the Line 3 pipeline through treaty-protected Anishinaabe land in Minnesota. Less well known are more than 20 other projects that Indigenous people have organized to fight. Some of these fights they have won, some are ongoing, and a few have been lost.

A new report has calculated that Indigenous resistance has stopped or delayed 1.587 billion tons of carbon emissions in the last 10 years through highly effective campaigns. This is an amount equivalent to the pollution of approximately 400 new coal-fired power plants, or roughly 345 million passenger vehicles (more than all the vehicles on the road in the U.S. and Canada). It is also equivalent to 24% of one year’s total carbon emissions in the U.S. and Canada combined.

Conservatives in the U.S. have been attacking Critical Race Theory (CRT), or what they think is Critical Race Theory, everywhere from angry school board meetings to the halls of Congress. The progressive press has derided these critics for not knowing what CRT is, but this attack is widespread and dangerous. It goes to the heart of our country’s relationship to racism, threatens efforts toward racial justice, and fundamentally seeks to interfere at all levels with teaching an honest account of our history.

Whatever our feelings about the present situation, the reality is that racial injustice as been a major feature of the Unites States from long before we were a nation, right through to the present. No attempt to build a sustainable, just, healthy society can go forward successfully without making dismantling racial injustice central.

I’m often asked by white people, “What can we do?” There are many answers to this question. Here are three that are close to my heart today. Each of them I learned from African Americans who have guided and corrected me.

We now have a new report authored jointly by Greenpeace, the Movement for Black Lives, and the Gulf Coast Center for Law and Policy that brings climate and race issues together in a new way and coins the term, “Fossil Fuel Racism.” They found that coal, oil, and gas, at every stage of their lifecycles–extraction, processing, transport, and combustion–generate toxic air and water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. At each stage they create public health hazards. At each stage they worsen the climate crisis. Both their public health effects and the effects of climate change fall disproportionately on Black, Latinx, Indigenous, Asian and poor communities.